Non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is a type of lung cancer that accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancer cases. It develops in the cells lining the bronchi and alveoli of the lungs and is typically diagnosed in individuals who have a history of smoking or exposure to secondhand smoke, radon gas, or other environmental toxins.

There are several subtypes of NSCLC, including adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. Each subtype has different characteristics and may respond differently to treatment. Adenocarcinoma is the most common subtype of NSCLC, and it typically develops in the outer regions of the lung. Squamous cell carcinoma typically develops in the bronchi and is often associated with a history of smoking. Large cell carcinoma is a less common subtype that can develop in any part of the lung.

The symptoms of NSCLC can vary depending on the subtype and stage of the cancer, but they typically include persistent coughing, chest pain, shortness of breath, and coughing up blood. Treatment options for NSCLC may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, and the optimal treatment approach will depend on the individual characteristics of the cancer and the patient’s overall health.